What are four different types of mutations in chromosomes?

Answer 1

There are four basic types of point mutations that can occur:

Substitution: This kind of mutation switches with another base to create an irregular sequence.

ex:) NORMAL - ABCDEFG

SUBSTITUTION - BACDEFG

Insertion: This kind of mutation involves the insertion of an extra base to the sequence.

ex:) NORMAL - ABCDEFG

INSERTION - ABHCDEFG

Deletion: This kind of mutation deletes or loses one of the bases in the sequence.

ex:) NORMAL - ABCDEFG

DELETION - ACDEFG

Frameshifts: This kind of mutation is where a sequence has an insertion or deletion, altering it. Since the sequence is divided into three bases to each section, which are called codons, the insertion or deletion of one of the bases can alter the codons completely, creating a different sequence, known as a frameshift.

ex:) NORMAL - ABC DEF GHI

FRAMESHIFT - BCD EFG HI

Those are the four basic types of point mutations, however there are other known mutations.

translocation,substitution,insertion,deletion

Answer 2

4 types of chromosomal mutations are:

Frameshift mutation (aka. insertion or deletion) - A base has been added or removed, so the whole rest of the code is shifted. This is usually a DETRIMENT! When DNA is read, transcribed, and processed into protein, it is read in 3 base chunks. For example, the code TAATCCTGG is processed as TAA-TCC-TGG into a protein. But if an extra base is added, (for example, a C gets stuck in front of our code) then the new code is read as CTA-ATC-CTG. All of the 3-base chunks are shifted and incorrect, making a completely not functional protein

(the above counts as 2 types of mutations! insertions and deletions!)

Point Mutation- A single base is changed to another (A to G, T to C, etc etc). This is not as bad as a frameshift because only one base is effected, as opposed to the whole string. (ex. our code TAATCCTGG gets changed to TACTCCTGG)

Translocations- A large string of DNA gets moved to a different chromosome where it is not supposed to be.

Answer 3

1. Deletion: a segment of the chromosome is lost
2. Insertion: a segment of the chromosome is added
3. Inversion: a segment of the chromosome is reversed
4. Translocation: a segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome

Answer 4

Four types of chromosomal mutations include substitution, insertion, deletion, and frame shift. These mutations can be either positive of negative to the organism.

Answer 5

deletions inversions translocations and duplicates are four types of chromosomal mutations

Answer 6

Duplication, translocation, inversion, deletion.

Answer 7

1. Deletion

2. Duplication

3. Translocation

4. Inversion

Answer 8

insertion, deletion, inversion, translocation