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There are three main types of professional antigen-presenting cells:
- Dendritic cells
- Macrophages
- B-cells
These APCs are very efficient at phagocytosis, which allows them to present exogenous as well as internal antigens. More importantly for their function in stimulating naive T cells, they possess co-stimulatory molecules: cell-surface molecules that deliver essential signals to T cells, allowing the T cells to become activated and mature into fully functional forms.
Dendritic cells, and to a lesser extent macrophages, have the broadest range of antigen presentation and are probably the most important APC. Activated DCs are especially potent TH cell activators because they constitutively express co-stimulatory molecules such as B7. B cells, which express antibody, can very efficiently present the antigen to which their antibody is directed, but are inefficient APC for most other antigens. As well, there are specialized cells in particular organs (e.g. microglia in the brain, Kupffer cells in the liver) derived from macrophages that are also effective APCs.
What else can I help you with?
What types of antigens are recognized by B cells?
Processed fragments of protein antigens displayed on surfaces of body cells.
What are The blood proteins A and B?
The blood proteins A and B are antigens found on the surface of red blood cells that determine blood type. Individuals with blood type A have A antigens, while individuals with blood type B have B antigens. Blood type AB individuals have both A and B antigens.
A person who is B positive will have?
A person who is B positive will have B antigens on their red blood cells and anti-A antibodies in their plasma. This blood type is compatible for transfusion with B positive, B negative, O positive, and O negative blood types.
What determine the ABO blood group in the plasma membrane of rbcs?
The ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of specific antigen molecules on the surface of red blood cells. These antigens are determined by the inherited genes from our parents. There are three main types of antigens that determine the ABO blood group: A, B, and O. The combination of these antigens results in different blood types: A, B, AB, and O.
Do genes for all possible antigens already exist in the body cells and can be just switched on to produce a particular antibody?
There can be billions types of possible antigens and only 20,000 to 25,000 genes are present in body. So the answer is NO.
Does anybody know what are the 4 blood types ?
Te four basic blood types are O, A, B and AB. They are named for the types of antigens they carry. O has no antigens, A has A antigens, B has B antigens and AB carries both.
What are the 4 possible blood types of humans?
There are actually more than four - if you include the positive and negative antigens... A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-
What are examples of four different blood types?
The 4 blood types are:A - type A blood has antigen A and antibody anti-BB - type B blood has antigen B and antibody anti-AAB - blood type AB has both antigens A and B and has no antibodiesO - Type O blood has no antigens but has both antibodies anti-A and anti-B
What are the four blood types and which is the universal donor and which is the universal recipient?
The four blood types are A, B, AB, and O. Blood type O is the universal donor because it does not have A or B antigens on its red blood cells. Blood type AB is the universal recipient as it does not have antibodies against A or B antigens.
How many types of antigens on the erythrocytes?
There are two main types of antigens on erythrocytes - ABO antigens and Rh antigens. ABO antigens include A and B antigens while Rh antigens include RhD antigen. These antigens play a crucial role in determining blood type compatibility for blood transfusions.
Are there only four different types of blood?
Yes, there are only four official types of blood from which there are 30 substances and over 600 different blood-group antigens have been found across the varies ethnic groups.
What types of antigens are recognized by B cells?
Processed fragments of protein antigens displayed on surfaces of body cells.
What are the blood types in terms of antigens and antibodies?
There are four main blood types: A, B, AB, and O. These blood types are determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells. Antibodies in the plasma target the antigens not present on the individual's own red blood cells.
What are the four types of blood and there functions?
The four blood types are a, b, ab, and o. O is known as the universal donor because it has no proteins, so it can be given to any other blood type without harming it. AB is known as the universal recipient because it can receive any other blood type but can't give any away because it has a mixture of proteins.
How are blood types different?
Blood types have different cells in them as well as different antigens.
Do Group O types have Antigens?
No, individuals with blood type O do not have A or B antigens on their red blood cells. This is why they are considered universal donors, as their blood can be transfused to individuals with A, B, and AB blood types without causing a transfusion reaction.
List and describe 4 ways antibodies aid in immunity?
There are four types of antibodies that aid in immunity. The Lysins bind the antigens therefore causing them to disintegrate. The Agglutinins bind the antigens causing the micro-organisms to clump together. The Antitoxins bind the toxins therefore making them harmless to the body. The Opsonins bind the antigens on the outer surface.
