Mining techniques can be divided into two common excavation types: surface mining (above ground) and subsurface (underground) mining.
sometimes subsurface mining is also called deep mining like in my text book p.s i am in 8th grade
Two processes used to extract metals are pyrometallurgy, which involves high-temperature processes such as smelting, and hydrometallurgy, which involves using aqueous solutions to extract metals from ores.
yes, it is quite easy to remove cu from its ore because cu is less reactive so less energy is required i.e.it can be removed from its ore by just heating its ore in air for two to three times.
Ore is rock from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted. Iron ore, copper ore are two examples.
An alloy is a mixture of metals, while an intermetallic compound is a mixture of a metal and a non-metal. Alloys are typically formed by mixing two or more metals together, while intermetallic compounds are formed by combining a metal with a non-metal in a specific stoichiometric ratio.
The two patterns include metals and non-metals. metals are placed on left and non-metals on right side.
Some metals can just be mined since they do not form oxides or compounds, such as gold. Other metals form compounds which need further processing, such as lead and titanium. Iron ore is usually just heated until molten. This is smelting.
Two processes used to extract metals are pyrometallurgy, which involves high-temperature processes such as smelting, and hydrometallurgy, which involves using aqueous solutions to extract metals from ores.
Silver is mined by extracting the ore from the ground and processing it. The metal is commonly extracted from the ore by smelting or chemical leaching. It should be noted that silver is also recovered as a byproduct of the extraction of copper and some other metals.
Most metallic ores are produced through mining and extraction processes. Mining involves the physical extraction of ore from the earth, while extraction processes such as smelting, leaching, or electrolysis are used to extract the desired metal from the ore.
Ore leaves the mine to be refined.The first step in the mining process is getting the platinum ore out of the ground and into a refinery or processing plant. Two methods exist to extract platinum ore: the old "narrow reef method" and newer mechanical mining methods. The original "narrow reef method" consists of drilling holes, loading them with explosives and removing the ore once it's blasted free.Newer methods utilize specialized drilling equipment to remove the ore and load-haul-dump machines to transport the ore from the mine. Platinum may be mined using traditional open-pit strip-mining methods or underground mining methods, depending on where the vein is located.Extracting pgm from the rest.Once it's mined, the extraction process begins. The platinum ore is first crushed to produce tiny particles suitable for further treatment. The next step is the flotation separation method, which relies on air particles bubbling through an aeration tank to adhere to pgm particles and float them to the top of the tank. They form a froth at the top of the tank, which is then skimmed off for refining.Concentrating pgm.The concentration process requires smelting the dried pgm froth at high temperatures to separate the pgm further from unwanted materials. Other minerals oxidize and are removed. The pgm is then treated with air to blow out particles of iron and sulfur in order to further concentrate the platinum group metals.Refining platinum.After mining, extraction and concentration, platinum group metals must be refined. This is another step that removes nickel, copper and cobalt from the other pgm. Electrolytic techniques remove the copper, cobalt and nickel from platinum group metals. Finally, a series of ion-exchange techniques, distillation and solvent extraction occur. Soluble metals, such as gold, are dissolved in hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas, and finally only platinum remains.
Alloys are a mixture of two or more metals. Man made alloys include brass and bronze. In nature alloys occur in almost any case there a metallic ore is found. Gold contains traces of lead, nickel ore contains many other metals and copper ore is specifically treated to remove more valuable metals present in the ore.
Cost-recovery and Rent extraction
Ore leaves the mine to be refined.The first step in the mining process is getting the platinum ore out of the ground and into a refinery or processing plant. Two methods exist to extract platinum ore: the old "narrow reef method" and newer mechanical mining methods. The original "narrow reef method" consists of drilling holes, loading them with explosives and removing the ore once it's blasted free.Newer methods utilize specialized drilling equipment to remove the ore and load-haul-dump machines to transport the ore from the mine. Platinum may be mined using traditional open-pit strip-mining methods or underground mining methods, depending on where the vein is located.Extracting pgm from the rest.Once it's mined, the extraction process begins. The platinum ore is first crushed to produce tiny particles suitable for further treatment. The next step is the flotation separation method, which relies on air particles bubbling through an aeration tank to adhere to pgm particles and float them to the top of the tank. They form a froth at the top of the tank, which is then skimmed off for refining.Concentrating pgm.The concentration process requires smelting the dried pgm froth at high temperatures to separate the pgm further from unwanted materials. Other minerals oxidize and are removed. The pgm is then treated with air to blow out particles of iron and sulfur in order to further concentrate the platinum group metals.Refining platinum.After mining, extraction and concentration, platinum group metals must be refined. This is another step that removes nickel, copper and cobalt from the other pgm. Electrolytic techniques remove the copper, cobalt and nickel from platinum group metals. Finally, a series of ion-exchange techniques, distillation and solvent extraction occur. Soluble metals, such as gold, are dissolved in hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas, and finally only platinum remains.
Monel is an alloy of nickel and copper, typically made by melting and mixing the two metals. Titanium is extracted from its ore through a process called Kroll process, involving reduction of titanium tetrachloride with magnesium. Beryllium is extracted from beryl ore through various chemical methods. Stainless steel is made by melting iron ore with nickel, chromium, and other metals. Flexon is a type of titanium-based alloy, and aluminum is extracted from bauxite ore through electrolysis.
The word pyro metallurgy comes from two words=pyro+metallurgy where pyro means heat and metallurgy means extracting metals from their ores ,purifying and modifying the metals for use.So Pyro metallurgy is the process of extraction of metals from their ores and their purification with the application of heat.following is the list of pyro metallurgical processescalciningroastingdryingsmeltingrefiningExamples of elemnts extracted using pyro metallurgical processes are Fe, Cu, Zn, Chromium, Tin, Manganese.
There are two kinds of bonding; ionic and covalent. Ionic bonds form between metals and non-metals. Covalent bonds form between non-metals
Two possible methods to isolate eugenol are steam distillation, where eugenol can be extracted from cloves using steam, and solvent extraction, which involves using a solvent like ethanol to extract eugenol from cloves.