What are the abiotic and biotic in the Southern Ocean?

Answer 1

In the Southern Ocean, abiotic factors include the cold temperatures, sea ice cover, salinity, and nutrient levels, which influence the ecosystem's dynamics. Biotic components consist of a diverse range of organisms, including phytoplankton, krill, various fish species, seals, penguins, and whales. These biotic interactions are heavily influenced by the abiotic conditions, creating a unique and productive marine environment. Together, these factors contribute to the Southern Ocean's role as a critical habitat for many species and a major driver of global climate and oceanic processes.