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On human cells MHC molecules are used to identify cancerous cells.
On bacterial cells things like LPS and various surface proteins are identified as "foreign"
The problem with this is that not all molecules that are used to identify "friend or foe" are attached to the surface. Things like non-methylated CpG, LPS, peptidoglycan and dsRNA all activate PRRs in cells, leading to an immune response. If you want a more comprehensive answer please contact me.
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What is Tc cells?
Tc cells are cytotoxic cells that are "effetors" of cellular immunity that carry out the attack on a foreign cells in other words Tc cells kill cells that have been infected by a foreign substance
The specific foreign substances that an individuals immune system has the ability to recognize and resist is detemined by?
The immune system's ability to recognize and resist specific foreign substances is determined by the unique set of proteins on the surface of cells called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. MHC molecules present antigens to immune cells, which stimulate the immune response. The immune system can only respond to antigens that are recognized by MHC molecules.
An immune response in which t cells destroy antigens?
This process is called cell-mediated immunity. T cells, specifically cytotoxic T cells, recognize and destroy cells that are infected with a pathogen or abnormal cells, such as cancer cells. This immune response is crucial for clearing infections and providing immunity against future exposures to the same antigen.
What are mediators of Humoral immunity?
Mediators of humoral immunity include antibodies, which are produced by B cells and circulate in the bloodstream. These antibodies can recognize and bind to specific antigens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. In addition, cytokines released by activated B cells and helper T cells help regulate the immune response and stimulate antibody production.
A marker molecule on a cell that the immune system uses to recognize a pathogen?
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are marker molecules on cells that the immune system uses to recognize pathogens. MHC molecules present fragments of pathogens on the cell surface to alert immune cells to the presence of the pathogen. This helps the immune system to target and eliminate infected cells.
Cell-mediated immunity is provided by?
Cell-mediated immunity is provided by T cells, a subset of white blood cells that directly attack and destroy infected cells or foreign substances in the body. T cells are activated when they recognize specific antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells or macrophages. This type of immunity is crucial for fighting intracellular pathogens and cancer cells.
How do phagocytes recognize foreign cells or bacteria?
Lymphocytes are part of the human body's innate immune system. Natural killer cells seek out and destroy foreign cells by distinguishing surface molecules of major histocompatibility complex class.
Why do B and T cells recognize different invaders?
B and T cells recognize different invaders due to their distinct roles in the adaptive immune system. B cells are primarily responsible for humoral immunity and recognize free-floating antigens through their B cell receptors, leading to the production of antibodies. In contrast, T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity and recognize antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of infected or abnormal cells. This specialization allows for a tailored immune response to various pathogens.
What is Tc cells?
Tc cells are cytotoxic cells that are "effetors" of cellular immunity that carry out the attack on a foreign cells in other words Tc cells kill cells that have been infected by a foreign substance
The specific foreign substances that an individuals immune system has the ability to recognize and resist is detemined by?
The immune system's ability to recognize and resist specific foreign substances is determined by the unique set of proteins on the surface of cells called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. MHC molecules present antigens to immune cells, which stimulate the immune response. The immune system can only respond to antigens that are recognized by MHC molecules.
What is isoimmunity?
The ability to gain( from another individual of the same species ) immunity from foreign cells.
What are The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity?
White blood cells, more specifically B-lymphocytes.
An immune response in which t cells destroy antigens?
This process is called cell-mediated immunity. T cells, specifically cytotoxic T cells, recognize and destroy cells that are infected with a pathogen or abnormal cells, such as cancer cells. This immune response is crucial for clearing infections and providing immunity against future exposures to the same antigen.
What is the process called where Tcells destroy antigens?
The process by which T cells destroy antigens is known as cellular immunity or T cell-mediated immunity. When T cells recognize an antigen presented by infected or abnormal cells, they become activated and can directly kill these cells through the release of cytotoxic molecules. Additionally, helper T cells can enhance the immune response by activating other immune cells. This targeted response is crucial for eliminating pathogens and cancer cells.
What does it mean to have nonspecific innate immunity?
The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to the pathogens in a specific generic way.
What is the special role of the tonsils the spleen?
Tonsils are the immune systems first-line of defense against inhaled pathogens. They produce T-cells, a type of white blood cell that aids in immunity. The spleen helps with immunity by purifying the blood and helps the immune system recognize and attack foreign antibodies.
How does immunity work in the body?
Immunity is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. It involves two main types: innate immunity, which provides immediate but non-specific protection, and adaptive immunity, which develops over time and targets specific invaders. The immune system utilizes various cells, such as lymphocytes (B cells and T cells), to recognize and remember pathogens, enabling a quicker and more effective response upon subsequent exposures. Additionally, antibodies produced by B cells neutralize pathogens, while T cells help destroy infected cells or assist other immune cells.
