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The "ozone" layer is particularly important for absorbing UV rays since the molecular bonds in ozone vibrate at the frequency of UV radiation and absorb it quite well. The ozone layer lies near the bottom of the stratosphere.

Note that UV radiation spans a range of frequencies. UV-A is the least absorbed/reflected UV radiation. Mostly the atmosphere lets it through. UV-B is absorbed mostly by the ozone in the atmosphere - mostly in the ozone layer in the stratosphere, but there is ozone at all layers of the atmosphere. UV-C is absorbed by the oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere - so very little of that makes it through; the atmosphere is about 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen.

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