Most of the reactions that release energy from sugars for cellular use occur within the mitochondria. This process primarily involves cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. These reactions convert the chemical energy stored in sugars into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which cells use as a primary energy source.
pyruvate
After glycolysis, there is no more glucose. The name glycolysis means "sugar splitting," and that's just what it does. It takes one glucose and splits it into two molecules of pyruvate, generating two ATPs as it goes. Following the short reaction when entering the mitochondria, the acetyl CoA (a form of the pyruvate) goes through the Krebs Cycle (or Citric Acid Cycle). Through a series of reactions, the energy is taken and incorporated into ADP to make ATP. Some of the energy will also go to NAD+ to form NADH (and some to FAD+ to form FADH2). These electron carriers then go to the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) to make the most ATPs in respiration through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, generating some ATP. The Krebs cycle (or citric acid cycle) then further breaks down pyruvate to produce more ATP. Finally, oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria produces the most ATP through the electron transport chain.
Comparative: more energetically Superlative: most energetically
The adverb most closely related to energy is "energetically," which means "in a vigorous or forceful manner." http://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/energetically
In a cell, most of the chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and is where many metabolic pathways occur, such as glycolysis and protein synthesis. Additionally, organelles like the mitochondria and chloroplasts are specialized structures where specific reactions, like cellular respiration and photosynthesis, take place. Overall, the cytoplasm serves as the primary site for cellular activities and reactions to occur.
Glycolysis is the most widespread metabolic pathway.
Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway in the body, and is studied in most basic biochemistry classes.
Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to give pyruvic acid and energy. Pyruvic acid is then used for different reactions, the most important one being Kreb's cycle.
Other sugars do enter into glycolysis such as fructose, galactose and mannose. Fructose can directly enter into glycolysis while the other two is converted to a glucose intermediate molecule because it can produce the two triose phophate molecules (DHAP and G3P) which are needed to generate energy from the reactions (ATP) and pyruvate.
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Optimal environmental conditions
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pyruvate
Glycolysis usually forms two pyruvates, also called pyruvic acids.