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In protozoa, osmoregulatory organelles primarily include contractile vacuoles and, in some cases, food vacuoles. Contractile vacuoles help regulate osmotic pressure by expelling excess water that enters the cell through osmosis. These organelles are especially important in freshwater protozoa, where the external environment is hypotonic compared to the cell's internal environment. Additionally, some protozoa may use specialized structures like pulsatile vacuoles to assist in osmoregulation.

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