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What is the structure of the atoms?
Atoms are composed of a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons orbiting in energy levels. The nucleus has a positive charge due to the protons and a neutral charge due to the equal number of electrons. The number of protons determines the element, while the number of electrons determines the atom's overall charge and reactivity.
What is Osmium Tetroxide made of?
Osmium is a chemical element that has the symbol Os and atomic number 76. So it is made of itself.Individual atoms are, as usual made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. The protons and neutrons are made up of quarks.That aside, see the first paragraph in this answer.
Which structure in plant cells might responsible for pushing the nucleus aside?
The nuclo
Why are large nuclei unstable?
So you wanna know why there aren't any stable atoms with atomic numbers greater than 83 (bismuth)? We're gonna find out, and to do so, we'll bounce around a bit in review and then fall on the answer. Buckle up. Ready? Let's do this. Atoms are comprised of protons, neutrons (in anything but "simple" hydrogen - 1H) and electrons. Set aside the electrons and let's look just at the nucleons. That's the name we give components of the nucleus, our protons and neutrons. Remember the basic laws of electrostatics? Like charges repel and opposites ones attract, right? Good. Let's jump. The atomic identity (sometimes called the proton number) of an atom is due solely to the number of protons in its nucleus. Only that. And in anything but 1H there are neutrons in the nucleus. Let's look at helium. It has two protons. Always. But it sometimes has a single neutron in its nucleus, and sometimes it has two neutrons. The one-neutron nucleus is very rare, and the two-neutron nucleus is super common. But look how it's made! You recall that when some hydrogen is squished down and turned into helium, that's fusion, right? Right. Now the news. Focus. The protons don't like each other. They're both positive, and repel. They'd rather not hang out together in a nucleus. But in helium, a neutron, or, most frequently, two neutrons, are "welded together" with the two protons to form the nucleus. What happens is that under extreme conditions (fusion), the protons and the neutron or two all go to Jenny Craig and give up some weight. This mass that they lose (called mass deficit), is converted into binding energy (or nuclear glue) to stick the whole thing together. That way we can get a stable nucleus with the two protons at least tolerating things. And the two different configurations, the one- and two-neutrons units, are called isotopes of helium. The word isotope speaks to atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. Got it? Good. Jump with me. In review, remember that whenever any heavier-than-hydrogen nucleus is formed by fusion, it must include neutrons. And all the nucleons that are going to be forming that nucleus (whichever one it might be) are going to 24-Hour Fitness. They're gonna be working off some weight (mass) to have it converted into binding energy. That's the only way to get the whole thing to stick together. Oh, and the binding energy thing is orchestrated by the strong force. That's new info. But don't get hung up there or you'll slide over to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and it ain't time for that yet. As we build atoms bigger and better, it takes a few more neutrons at those higher atomic numbers to help create the binding energy. So when we get to heavier and heavier nuclei, the number of protons continues to climb, and the repulsive forces at work in the nucleus, the ones the binding energy is overcoming to keep the thing together, start to go outa sight. Eventually we simply can't make a heavier nucleus. The binding energy is insufficiently strong, even though we keep making more of it. And bismuth is the heaviest of the stable nuclei. Bummer. Oh, we can make heavier nuclei, we just can't keep them from just falling apart after a while. There are quite a few elements past bismuth. And they're all unstable, all radioactive with half lives of seconds to millions of years. All of them. All the elements and all of their isotopes. The mass deficit that creates binding energy will, at some point, be unable to overpower the repulsion of a large proton mass in the nucleus of a heavy element and keep it together. Nope, can't be done. Bismuth? Atomic number 89? End of the line for stable elements.
How did j j Thompson describe the structure of the atom?
It is J.J. Thompson that is given credit for the discovery of the electron, and he theorized that these negative charges were embedded in a positively charged cloud like plums in a plum pudding. This gave rise to the "plum pudding" model of the atom, a theoretical structure that was swept aside by the Geiger and Marsden gold foil experiment.
What is the structure of the atoms?
Atoms are composed of a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons orbiting in energy levels. The nucleus has a positive charge due to the protons and a neutral charge due to the equal number of electrons. The number of protons determines the element, while the number of electrons determines the atom's overall charge and reactivity.
What is a carbon atom made of?
Carbon atoms are defined as those atoms which have 6 protons in their nucleus. Aside from that I will note that carbon is a very important element. All forms of life that we know of, including ourselves, could not exist without carbon atoms.
How do you turn mass into a chemical?
Any mass that possesses a proton and or neutrons within its nucleus is a chemical. Aside from dark matter, any ordinary mass is already a chemical.
What is Osmium Tetroxide made of?
Osmium is a chemical element that has the symbol Os and atomic number 76. So it is made of itself.Individual atoms are, as usual made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. The protons and neutrons are made up of quarks.That aside, see the first paragraph in this answer.
Which structure in plant cells might responsible for pushing the nucleus aside?
The nuclo
Why are large nuclei unstable?
So you wanna know why there aren't any stable atoms with atomic numbers greater than 83 (bismuth)? We're gonna find out, and to do so, we'll bounce around a bit in review and then fall on the answer. Buckle up. Ready? Let's do this. Atoms are comprised of protons, neutrons (in anything but "simple" hydrogen - 1H) and electrons. Set aside the electrons and let's look just at the nucleons. That's the name we give components of the nucleus, our protons and neutrons. Remember the basic laws of electrostatics? Like charges repel and opposites ones attract, right? Good. Let's jump. The atomic identity (sometimes called the proton number) of an atom is due solely to the number of protons in its nucleus. Only that. And in anything but 1H there are neutrons in the nucleus. Let's look at helium. It has two protons. Always. But it sometimes has a single neutron in its nucleus, and sometimes it has two neutrons. The one-neutron nucleus is very rare, and the two-neutron nucleus is super common. But look how it's made! You recall that when some hydrogen is squished down and turned into helium, that's fusion, right? Right. Now the news. Focus. The protons don't like each other. They're both positive, and repel. They'd rather not hang out together in a nucleus. But in helium, a neutron, or, most frequently, two neutrons, are "welded together" with the two protons to form the nucleus. What happens is that under extreme conditions (fusion), the protons and the neutron or two all go to Jenny Craig and give up some weight. This mass that they lose (called mass deficit), is converted into binding energy (or nuclear glue) to stick the whole thing together. That way we can get a stable nucleus with the two protons at least tolerating things. And the two different configurations, the one- and two-neutrons units, are called isotopes of helium. The word isotope speaks to atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. Got it? Good. Jump with me. In review, remember that whenever any heavier-than-hydrogen nucleus is formed by fusion, it must include neutrons. And all the nucleons that are going to be forming that nucleus (whichever one it might be) are going to 24-Hour Fitness. They're gonna be working off some weight (mass) to have it converted into binding energy. That's the only way to get the whole thing to stick together. Oh, and the binding energy thing is orchestrated by the strong force. That's new info. But don't get hung up there or you'll slide over to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and it ain't time for that yet. As we build atoms bigger and better, it takes a few more neutrons at those higher atomic numbers to help create the binding energy. So when we get to heavier and heavier nuclei, the number of protons continues to climb, and the repulsive forces at work in the nucleus, the ones the binding energy is overcoming to keep the thing together, start to go outa sight. Eventually we simply can't make a heavier nucleus. The binding energy is insufficiently strong, even though we keep making more of it. And bismuth is the heaviest of the stable nuclei. Bummer. Oh, we can make heavier nuclei, we just can't keep them from just falling apart after a while. There are quite a few elements past bismuth. And they're all unstable, all radioactive with half lives of seconds to millions of years. All of them. All the elements and all of their isotopes. The mass deficit that creates binding energy will, at some point, be unable to overpower the repulsion of a large proton mass in the nucleus of a heavy element and keep it together. Nope, can't be done. Bismuth? Atomic number 89? End of the line for stable elements.
What radiation results in the greatest change in atomic number?
Setting aside spontaneous fission, which is the natural "splitting" of an atom into fissin fragments, it is alpha decay that results in the greatest change in atomic number. The alpha particle carries off a helium-4 nucleus, which is a pair of protons and a pair of neutrons. Atomic number of an element involved in an alpha decay goes down by two.
How did j j Thompson describe the structure of the atom?
It is J.J. Thompson that is given credit for the discovery of the electron, and he theorized that these negative charges were embedded in a positively charged cloud like plums in a plum pudding. This gave rise to the "plum pudding" model of the atom, a theoretical structure that was swept aside by the Geiger and Marsden gold foil experiment.
Why is atomic mass of an element an average mass?
The Atomic Mass of an element is the numerical average of all the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element proportionately. Man made elements do not count in supposedly. IE: If we have an element with atomic weight 100 and we have an isotope of that element with atomic weight 102 and if they occurred equally in nature then the Atomic Mass would be 101.
What effect does the nucleus have on atomic spectra of different elements?
The nucleus of an atom does not directly affect the atomic spectra of different elements. The atomic spectra are mainly a result of the electron configuration and transitions in the electron energy levels. However, the nucleus can indirectly influence the spectra through its impact on the arrangement and energy levels of the electrons.
Why do heavy atoms tend to undergo fission of fusion?
It has something to do with the binding energy per nucleon in the nucleus, but mostly has to do with the range of the residual strong force versus the electromagnetic force. Let's check it out. The dynamics of the nucleus are modestly straightforward and can, for the most part, be reduced to two interactions. Setting aside the intricacies of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), we first consider the protons pushing against each other via the coulomb force, an expression of the electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces in the universe (with the weak interaction or weak force, the strong interaction or strong force, and the gravitational force), operates over distance in a 1/d2 manner. At half the distance, four times the force is felt. At twice the distance, one fourth the force is felt. The thing that holds the nucleus together is the residual strong force, or residual strong nuclear force, the nuclear force or sometimes the (nuclear) binding energy or nuclear glue. (All these terms are sometimes seen.) This force has a quirky nature, and operates in the manner of 1/d4 across distances. You don't have to be a rocket scientist to see that it is really short range compared to the coulomb forces pushing the protons apart. And across large nuclei, it has an increasingly difficult time holding the nucleus together until, at some point, it simply can't do it. Links can be found below to check facts and learn more.
What contains own set of DNA?
Personaly I keep mine in the nucleus of my cells, I reserve a half copy in each of the egg cells I set aside early in my development, but I was too young at the time to tell you much about that.
