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An atom consists of three basic components: electrons, protons and neutrons. The three particles are listed in order of least massive to most massive.

A neutron is slightly more massive than a proton, and these two particles make up the nucleus of an atom. Electrons are the smallest particles found in an atom, and an electron is less than 1/1800th the mass of a proton. They are so small that their mass is not even taken into consideration when calculating the mass number (protons plus neutrons) of an atom, even in larger atoms with large numbers of electrons.

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