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DNA is composed of four nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine. Adenine and Guanine are purine bases, while Cytosine and Thymine are pyrimidine bases. Since purine bases mate with pyrimidine bases, Adenine attaches to Thymine, while Guanine attaches to Cytosine.

As DNA is turned into RNA, the nitrogenous base Thymine is replaced with the base Uracil.

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