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The two possible sources of sediment that fills a geosyncline are erosion from nearby landmasses and the accumulation of marine sediments from adjacent oceanic areas. Erosion processes can transport material from mountains and highlands into the geosyncline, while marine sediments may come from the remains of organisms, as well as from river runoff and continental shelf deposits. Both sources contribute to the thick layers of sediment characteristic of geosynclinal basins.

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A mold and cast fossil is and exact stone replica of an organism but it is formed like this. The first layer of sediment hardens and forms a mold. then a new layer of sediment fills in the mold and hardens. That is the cast.


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First, a thin layer of sediment hardens and forms a mold. Then, what is known as a cast is when a new layer of sediment fills in the mold breaking down the creature/ animal/fossil.


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A mold fossil forms when an organism's hard parts dissolve and leave a cavity that later fills with sediment, creating a replica of the organism's shape.


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