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Importance of Carbohydrates

1. Provide major source of energy (4.1C)

2. Protein sparing action.

3. Breakdown of fatty acids and preventing ketosis

4. Biological recognition processes of immunoglobulins

and self MHCs.

5. Flavor and Sweeteners.

6. Dietary fiber (Cellulose).

7. Derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose nitrates are

used in explosives, lacquers, celluloid and collodion.

Cellulose acetate is used in photographic film and

packing materials.

8. Regulation of various metabolic processes in the body

as key molecules in the central metabolic pathways of

the body.

9. Serve also as stored forms of energy as glycogen in

liver and muscles.

10.Protection of bacterial cells as bacterial cell wall

polysaccharides, made up of muerin (N-acetyl

muramic acid (NAMA), N-acetyl glucosamine, and

several other amino acids linked by peptide linkage).

11.Stabilization of protein structures as in the case of

glycoproteins.

12.Important components of brain cells as neuraminic

acids, cerebrosides (Glycolipids) and gangliosides.

13.Carbohydrates form the chief components of

sulfolipids which are present in chloroplasts and in

chromatophores of photosynthetic bacteria.

14.Important component of nucleic acids as pentose

sugars ribose and deoxyribose.

15.Function as physiological anticoagulant (Heparin).

16.Storage form of food in plants as starch.

17.Hyaluronic acid is an important component of the

vitreous body of the eye, the umbilical cord and as a

lubricant in synovial fluid of the joints.

18.Trehalose (Disaccharide) is the chief component of

the hemolymph of insects, where it serves as the chief

source of energy.It is also present in yeasts and other

fungi.

Uses of Carbohydrates are-:

  1. It provides major source of energy.
  2. It helps in protein separation action.
  3. It helps in breakdown of fatty acids and prevents ketosis.
  4. It is used in flavors and sweeteners.
  5. It helps in the formation of dietary fibre Cellulose.
  6. It also serves as stored form of energy in the form of glycogen in livers and muscles.
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