Iron and Carbon mainly, but also others like Magnesium and Chromium.
The temperature of steel is determined by the amount of vibration of its constituent atoms. Hotter atoms vibrate more. And when they vibrate more, they take up more space. Hence, the steel expands.
In liquid steel, the atoms are constantly moving around freely and have higher energy, whereas in solid steel, the atoms are in a fixed position but can still vibrate slightly. This difference in movement leads to the distinct properties of each state: liquid steel is fluid and moldable, while solid steel is rigid and maintains its shape.
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Carbon strengthens iron/steel by distorting its crystal latice. It is unfortunately a very complex effect and depends on how the steel is heat treated and exactly what percentage of carbon is added, to much could make it weaker also.
Energy. The atoms in solid steel are moving more slowly than the atoms in liquid steel.
The temperature of steel is determined by the amount of vibration of its constituent atoms. Hotter atoms vibrate more. And when they vibrate more, they take up more space. Hence, the steel expands.
In liquid steel, the atoms are constantly moving around freely and have higher energy, whereas in solid steel, the atoms are in a fixed position but can still vibrate slightly. This difference in movement leads to the distinct properties of each state: liquid steel is fluid and moldable, while solid steel is rigid and maintains its shape.
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Steel is primarily Iron and Carbon. However, other elements can be present in different alloys, such as the following:ManganeseChromiumnickelirontungstenmolybdenumborontitaniumvanadiumCobaltniobiumphosphorussulfursilicontraces of oxygen, nitrogen, and copper
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According to my calculations, Carbon Steel was used thousands of years ago, because, if carbon steel swords were invented thousands of years ago then- heres a question: if carbon steel swords was invented back then, then what made carbon steel swords? the same thing we use to make carbon steel, which is mainly carbon and iron. The carbon, when mixed with molten iron, in fixed proportions, steel of varying strengths are formed. Steel is strong since the carbon atoms enter the metallic lattice of iron the difference in size of the carbon and iron atoms restrict movement of the layers (atoms) hence when a force is applied, the steel resists. by 11SHIFT
Well when you put steel in water, the water will make the steel more softened, and then the rust starts forming cause the water dissolves the steel atoms then you have a red rusted steel metals.
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Carbon strengthens iron/steel by distorting its crystal latice. It is unfortunately a very complex effect and depends on how the steel is heat treated and exactly what percentage of carbon is added, to much could make it weaker also.
Steel is primarily made up of iron atoms with trace amounts of other elements such as carbon, manganese, and sometimes silicon. Generally, there are one or two types of atoms in a steel can, depending on the specific alloy composition used in its production.
metallic bonds