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An atom that does not have a full valence shell is typically reactive and tends to form chemical bonds with other atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. This instability arises from the atom's desire to either gain, lose, or share electrons. Atoms with incomplete valence shells are often classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids, depending on their properties and behavior in chemical reactions.
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How is valence and reactivity related?
Valence electrons are the electrons on the outer shell of an atom. Valence electrons help to determine the reactivity of a substance because atoms do their best to "fill" their outer shell with 8 electrons, thus achieving a more stable energetic state. Different atoms have different numbers of valence electrons, which affects their reactivity. For instance, noble gases are inert because they possess a full set of valence electrons and don't need to "borrow" or "give away" electrons to have a full outer shell. Halogens, on the other hand, are 1 electron away from filling their outer shell, and are very reactive as a result (they attempt to "borrow" an electron with other atoms by forming a chemical bond).
Which best describes an atom of carbon-13?
An atom of carbon with 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
Which best describes what happens a neutral atom becomes positive ion?
Cations.
How many bonds can carbon form with itself?
Probably because of its 4 valence electrons which means it either needs 4 electrons or can give 4 electrons to complete its outer shell (energy level). This means that carbon is its own best friend, because 2 carbon atoms can share their 8 (4 each) valence electrons to complete their outer shell. Best I can do on short notice.
What is the process of combining valence orbitals of an atom to form hybrid orbitals?
The process of combining valence orbitals of an atom to form hybrid orbitals is known as hybridization. During hybridization, the valence orbitals of an atom, such as s, p, or d orbitals, mix to create new hybrid orbitals with unique geometric shapes and properties. These hybrid orbitals are used to explain the molecular geometry in molecules and the bonding between atoms.
What best describes a valence electrons?
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom that are involved in forming chemical bonds with other atoms. They determine the atom's reactivity and ability to form compounds. The number of valence electrons can also be used to predict an element's chemical properties.
What makes copper and aluminum conductive?
The outer electron shell of an atom is called the valence shell. The electrons in the valence shell are called valence electrons. The valence electrons of most metals are not very well bound to the atom making them good conductors. The kinetic energy of the valence electrons of an element is determined by the amount of valence electrons (less is better, one is optimal) and the distance of the valence electrons from the nucleus. Example: Silver is the best metallic conductor, it has five shells with one electron in it's outer shell, copper has four shells with one electron in it's outer shell. Silver's fifth shell is further away from the nucleus than copper's fourth shell making silver a better conductor even though they both have one valence electron.
How is valence and reactivity related?
Valence electrons are the electrons on the outer shell of an atom. Valence electrons help to determine the reactivity of a substance because atoms do their best to "fill" their outer shell with 8 electrons, thus achieving a more stable energetic state. Different atoms have different numbers of valence electrons, which affects their reactivity. For instance, noble gases are inert because they possess a full set of valence electrons and don't need to "borrow" or "give away" electrons to have a full outer shell. Halogens, on the other hand, are 1 electron away from filling their outer shell, and are very reactive as a result (they attempt to "borrow" an electron with other atoms by forming a chemical bond).
Atom x has seventeen protons so how many electrons are in it's valence shell?
The best way to answer this question is to look at the periodic table. Chlorine is the element with 17 protons (atomic number = 17), and chlorine has 7 valence electrons in its 3rd shell: Cl: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
Which best describes how an ionic forms?
One atom pulls an electron from another atom.
What hybridization best describes the circled atom in the molecule?
The circled atom in the molecule is best described by sp3 hybridization.
Which best describes an atom of carbon-13?
An atom of carbon with 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
What is the best way for calcium to fill its outer shell?
Calcium achieves the octetmost readily not by filling the outermost shell but rather by losing two electrons in the valence shell to form the Ca2+ ion.
What phrase best describe valence electrons?
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom that are involved in chemical bonding. They determine the reactivity and chemical properties of an element.
What best describes the nucleus of atom?
Nucleus is the centre of an atom and consists of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons.
Which best describes what happens a neutral atom becomes positive ion?
Cations.
What best describes ionic bonds?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
