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There is an overall governing nervous system which is split into many different branches each of which regulate different body activities in different ways. The first division is into the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves which travel throughout the entire body). The peripheral system is divided into efferent and afferent fibres. All afferent fibres travel towards the central nervous system (CNS) and are usually involved in sensing stimuli. Efferent fibres travel from the CNS to the body and there are three main types involved:

1) Parasympathetic Nervous System

2) Sympathetic Nervous system

3) Enteric nervous system (involved in regulation of gut activity

The parasympathetic and sympathetic systems work on smooth and cardiac muscle to regulate all body functions from heart beat to pupil dilation.

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