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Isotonic imbalance occurs when there is an abnormal concentration of solutes in body fluids, leading to an unequal distribution of water between compartments. This can be caused by factors such as excessive fluid loss (e.g., through vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating), inadequate fluid intake, or medical conditions affecting fluid regulation (e.g., kidney disease). Additionally, certain medications and hormonal changes can disrupt the balance of electrolytes and osmotic pressure, contributing to isotonic imbalance.

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