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Rust happens to any iron containg substance.No iron = no rust.When water flows over iron, it strips electrons off of the iron (i.e: oxidises the iron and reduces the water).After enough time, enough electrons have been stripped off the irons outermost/valence shell that it's chemical and physical properties begin to change and hence you get the change of colour.So if one keep water away from iron, there will be little rust.Other substances can strip electrons away from iron as well such as salt.that's why things rust more near rhe coast. But basically ,the removal of electrons from the iron atom causes rust - the oxidation of iron.

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