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Conductivity is caused by either two things. The first, is de-mobilised electrons, and the second, is free ions. Electrons can carry charge, and so if they are not localised on an atom, they can carry charge throughout a substance. The best example of this is any type of metal, or graphite. Solutions like water are conducters because they have free ions dissolved amongst the H20 molecules. These ions that are dissolved would not be conductors if they were solids, because the ions would be fixed by ionic bonds to one another. Water molecules are small enough to break these ionic bonds apart, and so seperate these ions. Ions can carry charge, so as long as the ions are free to move throughout the solution, the solution will conduct.

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