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As you move down the Periodic Table, atomic size increases due to the addition of electron shells. This increase in distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons results in a decrease in effective nuclear charge felt by these electrons, which in turn affects properties such as ionization energy and electronegativity, often leading to a downward trend in these values. Additionally, increased electron shielding by inner-shell electrons reduces the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons, contributing to this trend.

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