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The cell membrane's selective permeability is primarily determined by its lipid bilayer structure and embedded proteins. The hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer allows small, nonpolar molecules to pass freely, while larger or polar molecules require specific transport proteins to facilitate their entry. Additionally, the presence of receptors and channels regulates the transport of ions and other substances, ensuring that essential nutrients can enter the cell while waste and harmful substances are kept out.

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2mo ago

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