What did Gregor Mendel experiment show For his peas experiments?

Answer 1

He discovered that certain genetic traits obeyed statistical laws. He postulated that the frequency of the appearance of those traits was best explained by dominance, recessiveness and co-dominance of genetic material passed from the parent plants.

Answer 2

Gregor Mendal was an Austrian monk who "discovered" the laws of genetics in the 1860's. He cross-bred pea plants to see how traits were passed from generation to generation. For example, he bred a tall pea plants with a short one, and found that all the offspring (called the First Filial (F1) generation) were tall. He wondered how the short trait could have disappeared, as it was not present in any F1 plants. He then crossed all the F1 pea plants (tall with tall) and found that for every 3 tall plants, there was 1 short plant.

This is Mendel's most famous discovery. He theorized that traits do not "disappear" as previously thought. Instead, some traits are dominant and some are recessive. Recessive traits are hidden from dominant ones by the presence of a dominant allele, or part of a gene. For every trait, there are two alleles. For Mendel's tall pea plants, let's say the alleles are TT for tall plants and for short plants, tt. Uppercase T represents the dominant allele, while lowercase t indicated a recessive one. So, for the Parent Cross, or the very first cross-breed Mendal did, which was between tall and short plants, the offspring were all Tt, each having a dominant allele and a recessive. Because the dominant allele is there, the recessive trait does not show. However, when two heterozygous traits (or a gene with one dominant and one recessive allele like Tt) are crossed, 1/4 offspring will be TT, 2 will be Tt, and 1 will be tt.

In a punnet square, which shows the predicted results of a breeding, it's easy to see why.

T --- t

T TT Tt

t Tt tt

The top row shows the genotype, or genetic makeup of one tall F1 parent, Tt. The side shows the other tall Tt F1 parent. See how one allele is passed from each parent? This gives you the expected ratios from the F1 cross!

The way each parent passes one trait is called the law of independant assortmant, discovered by Mendel. This says each allele is segregated on a gene and passed independently of its homologue. In Lamen's term, the T in the Tt pair is separated during Meioses and passed independently from the t.

Another one of Mendel's laws is the Law of Segregation which basically states that each allele separates and unites during Meiosis. Very similar to the first law.

The last law is Mendel's Law of Dominance...which is what I talked about above, saying that dominant genes (ie the capital letters) will show always be the trait that you see. They are dominant over the recessive traits, which can only show if there are no dominant traits there (ie tt).

Mendel also did that first experiment with pea pod color, green being dominant and yellow being recessive.

Gregor Mendel is known today as the "father of genetics" for he discovered the most crucial pieces of information that help us better understand how genes are passed.

Terms to help you:

Homozygous = a true-breeding trait like TT or tt

Heterzygous = a trait with a dominant and a recessive allele, like Tt

Parent Cross = the very first set of breeding

F1 = the offspring of the parent cross

F2 = the offspring of the F1 plants

Dominant = trait that always shows, represented by a capital letter

Recessive = only shows if no dominant trait is present

Source:AP Biology :)

Answer 3

Mendal found out how pea plants genes where presented . Mendal crossed plants to each of the seven contrasting characters and studied their offspring to crosspolinate pea plants .