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Scientific socialism is a term often associated with the theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, which emphasizes a systematic, empirical approach to understanding and transforming society. It contrasts with utopian socialism by focusing on historical materialism, class struggle, and the economic conditions that shape social relations. Marx argued that socialism should be based on the scientific analysis of capitalism's dynamics and contradictions, leading to a proletarian revolution and the establishment of a classless society. Essentially, it seeks to ground socialist theory in a rigorous, analytical framework rather than idealistic visions.

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