What element lights safety matches?

Answer 1

Safety matches are typically ignited by a chemical reaction between phosphorus and an oxidizing agent. The striking surface of a safety match contains red phosphorus, while the match head contains potassium chlorate, sulfur, and glass powder. When struck against the rough surface, the friction generates heat that converts red phosphorus to white phosphorus, which ignites the match head. This design prevents accidental ignition, as the match only lights when struck against the specially formulated surface.