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There are three main phases of the light-independent reactions: fixation, reduction, regeneration of RuBP.
- During fixation, RuBisCO (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxidase) fixates a carbon to RuBP (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate) to make 3-phosphoglycerate. There are three RuBP's and each one makes two 3-phosphoglycerates. Ergo, there are six 3-phosphoglycerates.
- During the reduction phase, 6 ATP and 6 NADPH are used to reduce the 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). The ATP goes first and converts the 3-phosphoglycerate into 3-bisphosphoglycerate. Next, the NADPH reduces the 3-bisphosphoglycerate and converts it into G3P. An inorganic phosphate comes off and NADP+ and ADP are released back to the light reactions. There are 6 G3P molecules and one will be used to make the six carbon sugar, glucose.
- During regeneration, 3 ATP are used to convert the G3P back into 3 RuBP's through a series of reactions. This will restart the cycle.
Two turns of the cycle will produce the six-carbon sugar product.
It is also important to note the amounts of carbon in each step.
- (5C (RuBP) + 1C (CO2)) x 3 = 18C on six 3-carbon molecules (3-phosphoglycerate)
- One G3P is used to make a sugar, so 18C - 3C = 15C on five 3-carbon molecules.
- 5(3C) molecules --> 3 (5C) molecules (RuBP).
What else can I help you with?
Name another compound produced in the light dependent stage that is used in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH2 are created in the light dependent stage and are needed for the transformation of GP into TP in the Calvin cycle.
The enzymes for the light dependent reactions are found in the thylakoid membrane while the Calvin cycle happens in the what?
The Calvin cycle happens in the stroma of the chloroplast.
What happens in the synthesis stage of the cell cycle?
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Why does the Calvin cycle need the light reactions to keep going?
The Calvin cycle itself does not need light.The Calvin cycle, also called the light independent stage of photosynthesis, uses ATP (energy) and NADPH (hydrogen) to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrate (sugar). These reactions do not need light and can take place in the dark.However in a plant the ATP and NADPH are produced by the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis. To produce these substances light is needed.So although the Calvin cycle does not need light itself it does need substances made using light.See What_connects_the_light_dependent_reaction_to_the_light_independent_reactionand How_do_the_lightdependent_reactions_differ_from_the_calvin_cycle
The Calvin cycle happens during?
Carbon dioxide fixation in the light independent Calvin cycle occurs at night. Rubisco enzyme catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide to ribulose-1-5- bisphosphate.
WHAT are the different process of Calvin cycle?
the process of calvin cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration
What Stage of photosynthesis is sugar is made?
Sugar is made during the Calvin cycle, which is the second stage of photosynthesis. In this stage, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions.
Does the Calvin cycle require light to function?
No, the Calvin cycle does not require light to function. It is the second stage of photosynthesis and can occur in the absence of light.
Are PS I and PS II part of the Calvin cycle?
No, PS I and PS II are part of the first stage of photosynthesis, the light reactions. The Calvin cycle is the second stage of photosynthesis and does utilize the photosystems.
Name another compound produced in the light dependent stage that is used in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH2 are created in the light dependent stage and are needed for the transformation of GP into TP in the Calvin cycle.
The enzymes for the light dependent reactions are found in the thylakoid membrane while the Calvin cycle happens in the what?
The Calvin cycle happens in the stroma of the chloroplast.
In what way is the Calvin Cycle dependent on the first stage of photosynthesis?
The Calvin Cycle is dependent on the first stage of photosynthesis because it relies on the products of the light-dependent reactions, such as ATP and NADPH, to power the conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose.
What is the stage of photosynthesis called in which plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high energy sugars?
This stage is called the Calvin Cycle, which occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is the final step of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using the energy stored in ATP and NADPH.
Where is Calvin cycle occurring?
The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts in plant cells. It is the second stage of photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide is converted into sugars using ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions.
How do the events in the Calvin cycle depend on the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis's?
In order for CO2 to be fixed into carbohydrate in the Calvin Cycle, ATP and NADPH which are both made in the light dependent stage are needed.
What is another name for the for the dark reaction?
the calvin cycle
What are the two main stages for photosynthesis?
The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is used to split water molecules and produce ATP and NADPH. In the Calvin Cycle, ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
