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Once an action potential begins, there is a rapid depolarization of the neuron's membrane due to the influx of sodium ions (Na+) through voltage-gated sodium channels. This is followed by repolarization as potassium ions (K+) exit the cell, restoring the membrane potential. The action potential travels along the axon, propagating in a wave-like manner through the opening of adjacent ion channels, while the surrounding areas temporarily enter a refractory period, preventing immediate re-excitation. This process facilitates the transmission of electrical signals along the neuron and ultimately leads to neurotransmitter release at the synapse.

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AnswerBot

3w ago

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