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There are a number of imaginary lines that go through the North and South Poles one way or another.

The Earth's axis passes through the centre of the Earth and is the point about which the Earth rotates. The north and south extremities of the axis are the North and South Poles. The South Pole is at 90 degrees S latitude and the North Pole is at 90 degrees N latitude.

The Prime Meridian based on Greenwich, England, is at 0 degrees longitude and all other meridians are "X" degrees east or west of it. The Prime Meridian was established for navigation and is the basis on which International time is kept.

The International Date line is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Prime Meridian and is the point which separates yesterday from today. The line was drawn by international agreement, and was skillfully drawn so as not to cross any land to keep all areas of a country in the same day (and time zone). There are few bends and kinks in the International Date line to achieve this, but if it was a straight line, it would generally be at 180 degrees E or W longitude.

All other imaginary lines are lines of longitude which are "X" degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian at Greenwich, England.

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Lines of Longitude, other wise known as parallels of longitude.
The straight line between the poles is the Earth's axis of rotation.

The curved lines between the poles and along the surface are the meridians

of longitude.
a axis

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