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Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, comprising 22 pairs of autosomes (chromosomes 1-22) and one pair of sex chromosomes (X and Y). Chromosomes 1 to 44 include the 22 pairs of autosomes, which carry the majority of an individual's genetic information, influencing traits such as physical characteristics and susceptibility to diseases. Each chromosome consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins, and they play a crucial role in cell division and inheritance. Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome, containing about 2,000 genes, while chromosomes 2 through 22 vary in size and gene content.

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