Auntonomic efferents from the vagus (X) nerve
Parasympathetic stimulation of the intestine increases motility by promoting smooth muscle contractions and enhances digestive gland secretion by stimulating the release of digestive enzymes and fluids.
Gastrin is a hormone secreted by the stomach which stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid, increase motility, and stomach emptying.
Yes, ACTH secretion is regulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) produced by the hypothalamus. CRH stimulates the release of ACTH from the pituitary gland, which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. This pathway is part of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that plays a key role in the body's response to stress.
Insulin secretion is primarily regulated by blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels rise after a meal, beta cells in the pancreas release insulin to help cells uptake glucose for energy production.
The secretion of salivary amylase is primarily regulated by the nervous system, specifically through the parasympathetic nervous system. Stimuli such as sight, smell, and taste of food can trigger the release of saliva and amylase. Additionally, the presence of food in the mouth activates receptors on the tongue and oral mucosa that signal the salivary glands to produce and secrete amylase.
Auntonomic efferents from the vagus (X) nerve
Parasympathetic stimulation of the intestine increases motility by promoting smooth muscle contractions and enhances digestive gland secretion by stimulating the release of digestive enzymes and fluids.
Gastrin is a hormone secreted by the stomach which stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid, increase motility, and stomach emptying.
Yes, ACTH secretion is regulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) produced by the hypothalamus. CRH stimulates the release of ACTH from the pituitary gland, which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. This pathway is part of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that plays a key role in the body's response to stress.
Insulin secretion is primarily regulated by blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels rise after a meal, beta cells in the pancreas release insulin to help cells uptake glucose for energy production.
The secretion of salivary amylase is primarily regulated by the nervous system, specifically through the parasympathetic nervous system. Stimuli such as sight, smell, and taste of food can trigger the release of saliva and amylase. Additionally, the presence of food in the mouth activates receptors on the tongue and oral mucosa that signal the salivary glands to produce and secrete amylase.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion is primarily regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. GnRH stimulates the release of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland. Additionally, negative feedback from sex steroids such as estrogen and testosterone can also influence FSH secretion.
The component of gastric juice that acts as a hormone to stimulate gastric secretion and movement is gastrin. Released by G cells in the stomach lining, gastrin promotes the secretion of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) from parietal cells and enhances gastric motility, facilitating digestion. Its release is triggered by the presence of food in the stomach, particularly proteins.
Endocrine glands secrete hormones.
Bile secretion is primarily regulated by hormonal signals and neural mechanisms. The hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), released from the small intestine in response to fat and protein, stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum. Additionally, secretin, another hormone released when acidic chyme enters the small intestine, promotes bile production in the liver. Neural regulation also occurs, with the vagus nerve stimulating bile release during the digestive process.
Secretion
Most hormone secretions are regulated by negative feedbacks. The 3 main feed backs are:1)(Blood level of certain chemicals controls hormone secretion) Blood composition; Ex: blood glucose levels control the insulin secretion.2)(Hormones controlled by nervous system) Neural control; Ex: Epinephrine is release from adrenal medulla as result of nervous system stimulation.3)(Hormone secretion controlled by other hormones) Hormonal control; Ex: hormones from pituitary gland act on the ovaries and testes causing release of sex hormones.Source: Seeley's Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology (seventh edition)