What is Saturn's composition?

Answer 1

Saturn's composition is mostly hydrogen, helium, and hydrogens compounds.

The outer atmosphere consists of about 96.3% molecular hydrogen and 3.25% helium. Trace amounts of ammonia, acetylene, ethane, phosphine, and methane have also been detected. The upper clouds on Saturn are composed of ammonia crystals, while the lower level clouds appear to be composed of either ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4SH) or water. The atmosphere of Saturn is significantly deficient in helium relative to the abundance of the elements in the Sun.

The quantity of elements heavier than helium are not known precisely, but the proportions are assumed to match the primordial abundances from the formation of the Solar System. The total mass of these elements is estimated to be 19-31 times the mass of the Earth, with a significant fraction located in Saturn's core region.

Answer 2

Saturn is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, with trace amounts of compounds like methane, ammonia, and water ice. Its dense core is believed to be made of rock and metal. The outer layers of the planet are primarily composed of gaseous hydrogen and helium.

Answer 3

Saturn is made up of 96.3% hydrogen and 3.7% helium and trace gases.