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What cause the membrane potential of a neuron?
Opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane produces a local change in the membrane potential, which causes electric current to flow rapidly to other points in the membrane.
What membrane found in all movable joints?
The synovial membrane is found in all movable joints. It lines the joint capsule and produces synovial fluid, which helps lubricate and nourish the joint.
What is the double-walled membrane that produce watery fluids?
The double-walled membrane that produces watery fluids is called the serous membrane. It lines certain cavities in the body and secretes a lubricating fluid to reduce friction between organs.
What is the general function of the synovial membrane?
The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joints in the body. It helps reduce friction between the bones during movement, making it easier for the joints to glide smoothly.
What produces lipids for the cell membrane?
Lipids for the cell membrane are produced by the endoplasmic reticulum, specifically the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle synthesizes lipids, including phospholipids and cholesterol, which are essential components of the cell membrane. Additionally, lipids can also be sourced from the diet and modified by the cell for use in the membrane.
The condition that produces inhibition at a synapse is called what?
Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft (a very short distance) and bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic membrane. Excitatory neurotransmitters cause sodium ions to move through receptor proteins depolarizing the membrane. Inhibitory neurotransmitters do not depolarize the postsynaptic membrane. Thus, the condition that would produce inhibition at synapse is called HYPERPOLARIZATION.
What is the role of calcium in synaptic activity?
In a classic synapse, calcium's main role is to trigger the release of chemicals (called neurotransmitters) from the presynaptic neuron. How calcium does this is well established and is achieved through voltage-gated calcium channels located on the membrane of the presynaptic terminal. These channels open in response to membrane depolarization, the type of signal carried by an action potential. The whole process goes something like this: When an action potential arrives at the presynaptic terminal, it depolarizes the membrane sufficiently to open voltage-gated calcium channels. The calcium gradient across the membrane is such that when these channels open, an inward calcium current is produced, with calcium rapidly entering the cell. Calcium is rapidly bound by a presynaptic intracellular protein called synaptotagmin. Synaptotagmin is considered a calcium sensor that triggers a host of downstream events. Ultimately, synaptotagmin activation results in the fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. These vesicles fuse with the membrane through interactions between v- and t-snares (the "v" and "t" stand for "vesicular" and "target", respectively) causing the release of neurotransmitters into the space between the pre- and postsynaptic terminal. Individual molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across this space, called the synaptic cleft, and ultimately bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane. Since calcium triggers the conversion of an electrical signal (the action potential) into a chemical one (the release of neurotransmitters), calcium can be thought of as the trigger for electrochemical transduction (the term literally means the conversion of electrical into chemical information). Note that calcium's role is not limited to the presynaptic terminal; plenty of other synaptic phenomena rely on calcium. For example, at the specialized synapses between neurons and muscle cells (called the neuromuscular junction), binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to the muscle cell triggers a rise in calcium within the muscle cell, which ultimately leads to muscle contraction. Another example occurs in the brain and involves a postsynaptic receptor called the NMDA receptor. Activation of this receptor also produces a rise in intracellular calcium in the postsynaptic cell which contributes to a number of interesting phenomena, notably learning and memory.
What is meant by summation at a synapse and how can the two ways it is accomplished be described?
Summation is the method in which signal transmission between neurons occurs. Summation occurs through excitatory neurotramitters and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Excitatory produces depolarization of the postsynaptic cell. Inhibitory mitigates the effects of an excutatory neurotransmitter. For more information visit the Related Link.
What is another site within the neuromuscular junction that might be affected to prevent muscle contraction?
The motor endplate is the is the large, complex terminal formation by which a motor neuron axon establishes synaptic contact with a striated muscle fiber. While succinylcholine produces motor endplate depolarization at the neuromuscular junction to prevent acetylcholine release, curare and medical derivatives such as tubocurarine are non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents that inhibit depolarization by blocking acetylcholine from binding to receptors on the motor endplate (i.e., the curare site of action is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction). Curare occupies the agonist position in competition against acetylcholine.
Which structure produces synovial fluid?
The inner membrane of synovial joints is called the synovial membrane and secretes synovial fluid into the joint cavity.
How does a membranophone work?
A membranophone is a musical instrument that produces sound by vibrating a stretched membrane. When the membrane is struck or rubbed, it vibrates and produces sound waves that resonate inside the instrument, creating music. The pitch and tone of the sound can be manipulated by adjusting the tension of the membrane.
When dholak produces sound which part of dholak vibrates?
streched membrane
What produces membrane and endoplasmic reticulum?
The ribosomes are responsible for protein production in the cell, and are thus instrumental in producing membrane and endoplasmic reticulum.
Which part of mridangam is vibrating to produces sound?
its the stretched membrane like the tabla
What is the Membrane-bound organelle that produces sugar and ATP in plant cells?
chloroplasts
What cause the membrane potential of a neuron?
Opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane produces a local change in the membrane potential, which causes electric current to flow rapidly to other points in the membrane.
What organelle produces its own membrane?
It buys the stuff then builds it after it gets building permision
