What is arsenic poison?

Answer 1

Arsenic poisoning kills by allosteric inhibition of essential metabolic enzymes, leading to death from multi-system organ failure. It primarily inhibits enzymes that require lipoic acid as a cofactor, such as pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Because of this, substrates before the dehydrogenase steps accumulate, such as pyruvate (and lactate). It particularly affects potassium dependent voltage channels, disrupting cellular electrolytic function resulting in neurological disturbances, prolonged qt interval, central nervous system dysfunction and death. Arsenic is a ubiquitous element present in drinking water, and its exposure is associated with various cardiovascular disorders. Arsenic exposure plays a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular endothelial dysfunction as it inactivates endothelial nitric oxide synthase, leading to reduction in the generation and bioavailability of nitric oxide. In addition, the chronic arsenic exposure induces high oxidative stress, which may affect the structure and function of cardiovascular system. Further, the arsenic exposure has been noted to induce atherosclerosis by increasing the platelet aggregation and reducing fibrinolysis. Moreover, arsenic exposure may cause arrhythmia by increasing the QT interval and accelerating the cellular calcium overload.

Answer 2

Arsenic is a toxic chemical element that can be fatal in high doses. Arsenic poisoning can occur through ingestion, inhalation or absorption through the skin. Symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases can lead to organ failure and death.