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These are the "noble gases." They are chemically inert, because they have a full octet of electrons in their valence energy level. Therefore, they do not need to lose or gain electrons to achieve stability; rather, they are naturally stable, which is why they do not react.

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What is a column of elements called in a periodic table?

A column is known as a group in periodic table. There are 18 groups in the modern setting of periodic table. Elements in the same group usually share same chemical properties and striking physical characteristic trends.


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