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Mutant isolation refers to the process of selecting out individual organisms (plant, animal, or microbial) depending upon genetic mutations. For example, staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium, is normally susceptible to a penicillin-derivative called methicillin. If you take a culture of s. aureus growing in a liquid medium, and slowly started adding increasing doses of methicillin, you will gradually kill off the normal s. aureus and leave behind those which have mutated in such a way as to be resistant to the antibiotic.

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What are the methods of mutant isolation?

Mutant isolation methods include chemical mutagenesis, where chemicals induce mutations in the DNA; physical mutagenesis, which employs radiation (like X-rays or UV light) to cause genetic changes; and biological mutagenesis, utilizing viruses or transposable elements to introduce mutations. Additionally, genetic screening techniques, such as forward and reverse genetics, help identify and isolate mutants with desired traits. Lastly, advanced methods like CRISPR/Cas9 allow for precise gene editing and isolation of specific mutations.


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