What are the two strategies for dealing with the fluctuation in the salinity (give examples of organisms that do each)?
Organisms deal with fluctuations in salinity through two main strategies: osmoregulation and osmoconformation. Osmoregulators, like bony fish, actively maintain their internal salt concentration regardless of external salinity changes, using mechanisms like kidney function to excrete excess salts or retain water. In contrast, osmoconformers, such as jellyfish and sea stars, match their internal salt concentration to that of their surrounding environment, allowing them to survive in varying salinity conditions without expending energy on regulation.