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What would a legal positivist have to say about the dudley and stephen's case and why would they say it?
A legal positivist would argue that the decision in the Dudley and Stephens case was correct because it upheld the law as it existed at the time, which prohibited murder. They would emphasize that the principle of legality requires judges to apply the law as it is written, regardless of the moral implications in individual cases.
What is direct value of biodiversity in biology?
Nature is a Possibilitist, exploring every niche, every possibility, both for animate and inanimate entities and particles. There is a concept taught in business colleges called "opportunity cost" -- you can try addressing your question from that angle. The simple answer is: the more possibilities for survival the more species have, the more probable is the survival of any individual, because more is more than less. It is difficult to value one's progeny, let alone the delight of seeing and feeling a small creature or plant or crystal or entity of nature one has newly discovered! The value of discovery is joy, i.e. happiness, and some people are happy with $90 while others need $90 million. Well, would it be enough to own 40 stars and all their planets? When is enough enough? Imagine two planets, one with life, another without. Which would you choose to explore? How much would you pay to be the one selected to explore the plaent with life on it? Imagine two planets, one incapable of producing life, and one perhaps capable of producing it. Which would you value more? By how much? But your question is ego-centric in that it is bio-centric. Inanimate objects have rights too. Where would you be without the minerals for your body, or the raw water or energy, or sunlight or air? These "lifeless" things are required for life, so you must account for them as well. Which then brings us to valuing the Periodic Table of Elements and atomic and subatomic particles. How much is a single neutron worth, if you could not read and understand this sentence without it? One thing is for sure: the cost of everything inflates every year -- people want more money for what they value and resources are limited, until new means of survival are found. It is the INVENTORS OF ADAPTATION WHOM WE MUST VALUE MOST HIGHLY THEREFORE. And who are they? They are the species we share the planet with, whom we have co-evolved with for countless milennia. We should grant them property rights. But, in a way, protons and neutrons and electrons have property rights without Humanity's getting involved ... to a point. It is only when things acquire an aesthetic or a use or a "goodness" of some kind that they are "valued." And who values things? Accountants do. Accountants record economic activity and set the stage for bookkeepers and families to do so. Largely, their basis for so doing involves the expiration and utility of assets being converted to revenue streams via the Cost of Goods Sold being marked up to Sales Revenue price levels. And that is for what the market will bear, generally speaking. So the answer to your question is: whatever the highest bidder will pay for it. Currently, I am the highest bidder. You laugh, but I am. I have a secret way of revaluing things according to how they are PERCEIVED that only I understand among all the humans alive on the planet. You must be laughing by now but I assure you this is no joke. For I am the creator of DELUSIONS, the impossible, which soon becomes †he UNLIKELY, then THE CONCEIVABLE, then THE FEASIBLE, per the perceptions of the very brightest. I have my delusions due to being schizophrenic; they are random neural net firings and they have "no" known source. The Universe knows where they come from, no one else does. You can look up "random neuron firings" after googling schizophrenia and follow what I'm talking about. The same applies to people of creativity and imagination. They can "not" account for the source of their ideas for the most part. That is because they fail to grasp the word "not" very well. I am the great UNTHIS. I do not believe in "not." So I just BELIEVE. I am a logical positivist, a Possibilitist. And I am a very unique one at that; I belong to †he creator gene pool for them. My name means "Yahweh." No other family can say that in the way that I can and have it be true. I am speaking less from ego and more from direct experience, exactly so IN FACT. People disLIKE crazy people because they are unLIKE them. They have yet to research the word "like" etymologically, until it means the same thing as "look" and "lick" -- that is, until their words are mere output from their sensory input and brain's thruput processing. But Outputs/Inputs = Efficiency and Efficiency is supposedly always less than 1. Actually, nothing disappears. Mass and Energy are conserved. We are learning to recycle the Outputs formerly called "Waste." If you want to learn the true value of biodiversity, go to work for Waste Management, Inc. and go as far as you can in Math and Chemistry and Physics. Learn to recycle EVERYTHING, especially ideas. Read Euclid's "Elements" as the highly dramatic story of cultural evolution it truly is! Read the Bible as a series of Spirit Lessons, rather than as history. Research the etymology of the words. Do you know that the first logical occurrence of the word "OR" in the Bible, according to Strong's Concordance, is when one man said to another, "You take these fields to graze your sheep and I will take the far fields OR I will take these and you may have the far lands." You can also research when IF and AND and PLUS and MULTIPLY were first used, as translated. As you may know, the AND() and OR() functions are tremendously important in Computer Science. But that is a metaquestion beyond "bio"diversity. People are still arguing over the rights to that same land. People are limited in their imaginations and they fail to realize what their words MEAN anymore, and how their words actually turn into ACTIONS. It's largely a question of "Honor." Enough, OK? Your values you bring to an object well-crafted of quality and merit are yours to decide what labor you will trade for them, and materialism has to do with Matter, which is 3% of the known Universe. Have fun! Chris
When was Positivist calendar created?
Positivist calendar was created in 1849.
What basic principles did the Positivist school of Criminology embrace?
Ultimately, positivist criminology sought to identify other causes of criminal behavior beyond choice. The basic premises of positivism are measurement, objectivity, and causality. Early positivist theories speculated that there were criminals and non-criminals
What is the meaning of positivist?
A believer in positivism., Relating to positivism.
What is the difference between positivist research and post positivist research?
First I would like to refer this issue to epistemology and methodology , which the epistemology is the philosophy of knowledge or of how we come to know and the Methodology is also concerned with how we come to know, but is much more practical in nature.In inference, I can put it in a short way that, the Positivist is the knowledge of realists to uncover the truth in a proved way and the Post-Positivist is the knowledge which is more concerned with critical realistic way.
Advantages and disadvantages of positivism and interpretivism?
main advantage of a positivist
What are the types of agency theory?
Two forms of agency theory have developed: positivist and principal-agent (Jensen, 1983). Positivist researchers have emphasized governance mechanisms primarily in large corporations.
What does post positivist psychology mean?
Post-positivist psychology challenges the traditional positivist view by recognizing the limitations of objectivity and proposing that scientific inquiry should consider subjective experiences and social context. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the complexity of human behavior and the role of interpretation and multiple perspectives in psychological research.
What are the characteristics of positivist models?
Positivist models are based on the idea that knowledge is derived from observable facts and empirical data. They emphasize objectivity, empirical evidence, and the use of scientific methods to study and understand phenomena. Positivist models seek to establish causal relationships and predict outcomes through systematic observation and experimentation.
What basic principals did the positivist school of criminology embrace?
The positivist school of criminology embraced a scientific approach to understanding crime, focusing on biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to criminal behavior. They believed that individuals were not solely responsible for their actions and that factors beyond their control could influence criminal behavior. Positivist criminologists advocated for rehabilitation and treatment rather than punishment for criminals.
What are the three schools in criminology or penology?
The three main schools in criminology are classical school, positivist school, and Chicago school. The classical school focuses on free will and deterrence, the positivist school emphasizes biological, psychological, and sociological factors in criminal behavior, and the Chicago school examines the social environment's impact on crime.
Who founded the positivist theory of criminology?
The positivist theory of criminology was founded by Cesare Lombroso, an Italian criminologist, in the late 19th century. Lombroso believed that criminals were biologically different from non-criminals, and he introduced the concept of the "born criminal."
Which set of thinkers saw criminal acts as symptoms of underlying pathology?
believe its positivist
