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There are actually three scales in common use:

  • The Fahrenheit scale, named for its creator Daniel Fahrenheit, was proposed in 1724 and theoretically based on the freezing temperature of brine and the internal temperature of the human body. It is only still being used in a few countries, one of which is the United States.
  • The Celsius scale, named for Anders Celsius (and also known as the centigrade scale) divides the difference between the freezing and boiling points of water into exactly 100 degree segments.
  • The Kelvin scale, named after physicist Lord Kelvin, uses the same size degree as the Celsius scale, but starts the thermometer at absolute zero, the coldest possible temperature. There are therefore no negative degree numbers on this scale; it's most often used for measuring supercold temperatures, the boiling point of metals, and the extreme temperatures found inside of stars.

One fun fact: the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales are exactly the same at only one temperature, which happens to be -40°.

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