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Molecular substances are composed of discrete molecules held together by covalent bonds, where atoms share electrons. These substances typically have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds due to weaker intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonds. They can exist in various states—solid, liquid, or gas—at room temperature and often exhibit characteristics like low conductivity and solubility in nonpolar solvents. Examples include water (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁).
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Are melting points of molecular substances higher than those of ionic substance?
Ionic substances have higher melting points.
Does other substances boil at the same temperature as water?
No, different substances have different boiling points due to variations in their molecular structure and intermolecular forces. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, but substances such as ethanol, which has a smaller molecular size and weaker intermolecular forces, boils at 78.37 degrees Celsius.
A union of substances into a new molecular structure is called?
The union of substances into a new molecular structure is called a chemical reaction. In a chemical reaction, chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed, resulting in a different molecular arrangement from the original substances.
What are examples of molecular substances?
Salt, Snow, Ruby Crystals, Gypsum Crystals, and Fluorite Crystals.
What three things can affect the rate of diffusion?
Diffusion refers to the process where substances from a highly concentrated area move to a place with a lower concentration. The three factors that affect the rate of diffusion are temperature, concentration gradient and the molecular weight of the substances.
What is the The breakdown of substances into simpler molecular substances?
Decomposition
How do molecular substances fill their outer shell?
Molecular substances can only fill outer shells if there are enough electrons present for this phemena to occur. Electrons can also be taken from other molecular substances in a process known as a Reduction Reaction.
Do simple molecular substances conduct electricity?
Most molecular substances do not conduct electricity since the ions don't dissociate very well with molecular substances. However, most ionic substances do conduct electricity very well due to their ability to dissociate very well in water.
Do simple molecular substances have high or low melting and boiling points?
Simple molecular substances typically have low melting and boiling points. This is because the weak intermolecular forces, such as London dispersion forces, in simple molecular substances are easily overcome compared to the stronger bonds in ionic or metallic substances.
What organelles use molecular oxygen to convert and detoxify harmful substances?
The organelles that uses molecular oxygen to convert and detoxify harmful substances are the peroxisomes. They are found in the cytoplasm of the cell.
What are non-molecular substances?
Non-molecular substances are substances that do not consist of individual molecules but rather have a different type of bonding or structure. This can include ionic compounds like salts, network solids like diamond or quartz, and metallic substances like iron or copper. These substances do not exist as discrete molecules but rather as extended networks or arrangements of atoms.
Are melting points of molecular substances higher than those of ionic substance?
Ionic substances have higher melting points.
What is rearranged when a chemical change produces new substances?
the molecular particles are changed,
Which of the following has same equivalent and molecular weight?
If two substances have the same equivalent weight, it means the number of equivalents per mole is the same for both substances. Therefore, the molecular weight of these substances would also be the same, as equivalent weight is derived from the molecular weight and valence of the substance.
What role does molecular attraction play in determining the physical properties of substances?
Molecular attraction influences the physical properties of substances by affecting how molecules interact with each other. Stronger attractions lead to higher melting and boiling points, while weaker attractions result in lower melting and boiling points. Additionally, molecular attraction can impact the viscosity, solubility, and conductivity of substances.
Contrast ionioc and molecular substances in terms of the types of attractive forces that govern their behavior?
Ionic substances are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction between positively and negatively charged ions, while molecular substances are held together by various types of intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. Ionic substances have higher melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic forces, while molecular substances typically have lower melting and boiling points as the intermolecular forces are weaker.
Does boiling water soften substances?
Yes, boiling water can soften substances by breaking down their molecular structure and making them more pliable.
