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The assumption is that a diverse gene pool insulates a species from extinction because, with so many more individuals there is a greater chance that some will survive or adapt if the environment changes or there is an epidemic.

Smaller gene pools especially those of highly adapted animals (ones that eat only bamboo or eucalyptus leaves as examples) are more subject to extinction due to changes that eliminate their food source. Likewise, a pandemic may kill so many individuals that the species cannot recover.

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