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Fission is the splitting of a nucleus into two parts which form two other nuclei. In fission of uranium-235 or plutonium-239, as well as the formation of the two other nuclei, extra neutrons are released. This is basically due to the fact that the heavier nuclei like uranium have an excess of neutrons over protons, so when lighter elements are formed there are neutrons left over. Each fission of uranium-235 releases on average 2.5 neutrons (you can talk of average yield because the split can happen in a number of different ways). Some of these will be absorbed in the reactor material or escape the core boundary, but provided one neutron from each fission is captured by another U-235 nucleus, there will be a continuing chain reaction. The reactor has to be managed so that this just continues, at a steady constant rate, this is done by control with neutron absorbing control rods which can be raised or lowered.

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