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Plant water potential  w (psi) is a measure of physical(thermo - dynamic), the free energy expression of the amountof water (J mol-1), and accordingly the ability to perform work.

The chemical potential of water μw is a relative value,expressed the free energy difference (J mol-1) between the chemical potential of water in a given biological (eg leaf) anddistilled water potential found in the same temperature andatmospheric pressure as a biological system.

The chemical potential μ of distilled water * w is the maximum chemical potential of water in the plant and in an agreed value is set to 0. Presence of solvent water, or the existence of water stress reducing advice in the chemicalpotential of water and therefore, the chemical potential ofwater in solution or in the sacrum has a negative value.

Water movement will take place spontaneously (without theneed to invest energy) from which the chemical potential ofwater is higher where the chemical potential of water is lower.

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