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How many molecules of FADH2 are produced by the complete oxidation of one acetyl group by the citric acid cycle?
One acetyl group produces 1 molecule of FADH2 in the citric acid cycle.
What is the coenzyme that attaches to a 2-carbon acetate molecule during the preparatory reaction for the citric acid cycle?
The coenzyme that attaches to a 2-carbon acetate molecule during the preparatory reaction for the citric acid cycle is coenzyme A (CoA). This reaction forms acetyl-CoA, which serves as the key substrate for the citric acid cycle, linking glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Acetyl-CoA is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
In cellular respiration which stages is-are associated with acetic acid and acetyl CoA?
In cellular respiration, acetic acid and acetyl CoA are primarily associated with the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle). Acetyl CoA, derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, enters the Krebs cycle, where it combines with oxaloacetate to form citric acid. This cycle then processes the acetic acid moiety, facilitating the production of ATP, NADH, and FADH2, which are crucial for the electron transport chain.
When acetyl CoA enters the Kreb's Cycle what substance must it interact with?
Acetyl CoA must interact with oxaloacetate to form citrate in the first step of the Krebs Cycle.
Describe the formation of citric acid the first intermediate in the Krebs cycle?
Citric acid is formed in the Krebs cycle when oxaloacetate, a four-carbon compound, combines with acetyl-CoA, a two-carbon compound derived from pyruvate. This condensation reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme citrate synthase, resulting in the formation of citric acid as the first intermediate in the cycle.
The citric acid cycle begins and ends with what molecule?
The citric acid cycle begins with acetyl-CoA and ends with oxaloacetate.
What are the two molecules that enter the citric acid cycle?
The two molecules that enter the citric acid cycle are acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. Acetyl-CoA is the key input that combines with oxaloacetate to initiate the cycle.
What are the Outputs of the citric acid cycle?
The net inputs for citric acid cycle are Acetyl CoA, NADH, and ADP. The Net outputs for the citric acid cycle are ATP, NAD, and carbon dioxide.
What two molecules combine to produce citric acid in the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate combine to produce citric acid (or citrate) in the citric acid cycle. This is the first step in the cycle, also known as the condensation step.
Two carbon molecule that combines with a four carbon molecule already in the citric acid cycle to produce citric acid?
The two-carbon molecule that combines with a four-carbon molecule in the citric acid cycle to produce citric acid is acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA condenses with oxaloacetate (a four-carbon molecule) to form citrate, the first step in the citric acid cycle.
How many molecules of FADH2 are produced by the complete oxidation of one acetyl group by the citric acid cycle?
One acetyl group produces 1 molecule of FADH2 in the citric acid cycle.
What nutrient can yield energy the quickest in the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl-CoA can yield energy the quickest in the citric acid cycle. Acetyl-CoA is derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and it enters the citric acid cycle to produce ATP, which is the cell's primary energy source.
What is the end product of the breakdown of pyruvic acid?
The end product of the breakdown of pyruvic acid in aerobic conditions is acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to lactate or fermented to produce ethanol.
What escorts acetic acid produced from pyruvic acid into the first reaction of the citric acid cycle?
Coenzyme A (CoA) escorts acetic acid produced from pyruvic acid into the first reaction of the citric acid cycle by forming acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA is then used as a substrate in the first step of the citric acid cycle to produce citrate.
What intermediary metabolites enters the citric acid cycle and is formed in part by the removal of a carbon CO2 from one molecule of pyruvate?
The intermediary metabolite that enters the citric acid cycle after the removal of a carbon CO2 from pyruvate is acetyl-CoA. This process is catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, and acetyl-CoA is a key molecule that fuels the citric acid cycle by providing the acetyl group for the first step with oxaloacetate.
How is the breakdown of pyruvic acid related to the citric acid cycle-?
Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl CoA before it enters the citric acid cycle. Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, initiating the citric acid cycle. This cycle is essential for extracting energy from carbohydrates through a series of redox reactions.
What molecules initiate the citric acid cycle by reacting with oxaloacetate?
Oxaloacetate [oxaloacetic acid], under the strict guidance of the enzyme 'citrate synthase', is reacted with the co-enzyme 'Acetyl-CoA' to form the products CoA and citric acid.
