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The stoma is a pore in the leaf used for gas exchange. The stoma is formed by the guard cells. The guard cells are in charge of changing the size of the opening. Through these openings, the air that contains carbon dioxide enters the plant and is then used for photosynthesis and respiration.

In this process, water vapour will be released into the air from the pores. This is known as transpiration. Oxygen produced in the process photosynthesis, will exit from these openings.

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