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The prime meridian is the arbitrary zero (0) line of longitude. It extends from the North Pole to the South Pole through Greenwich, England. It divides the Earth's surface into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

The zero line of latitude is a given, in the form of the equator. But for longitude, the line was agreed on at an international conference at Washington DC in 1884. The conference chose a line that had been established in 1851, and had become widely accepted internationally. France, however, continued to base its longitude on the Paris meridian until 1914, and still does on some maps.

It is the line of longitude (running North-South) at which the longitude is arbitrarily defined as 0° (zero degrees) longitude. It runs through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich and GMT is based from this meridian.
The Prime Meridian (zero degrees) is a line of Longitude, that passes from the North to South Pole, passing through the Greenwich Observatory, London, UK. All other meridians (lines of longitudes) take their degrees to West and East of the Prime Meridian. It is important in navigation, and along with lines of latitude, helps to pin-point accurately any spot on the Earth's surface.
the prime meridian is at 0 degree.longitudes are defined on prime meridian. prime meridian also divides the sphere, e.g. the Earth, into two hemispheres.

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