The surface bedrock of the Catskills is primarily composed of sedimentary rocks that date back to the Devonian period, approximately 358 to 419 million years ago. This region features various rock types, including sandstone, shale, and limestone, which were formed in ancient marine environments. The Catskills are part of the Appalachian Mountain range, shaped by geological processes such as erosion and tectonic uplift over millions of years.
The Adirondack Mountains region of New York has surface bedrock that is similar in age to the erratics found in the area. Both the bedrock and the erratics are primarily composed of ancient Precambrian rocks, dating back over a billion years. This similarity highlights the geological history of the region, shaped by glacial activity during the last Ice Age.
The current geologic age is referred to as the Holocene epoch.
Geologists generally know the age of a rock by determining the age of the group of rocks, or formation, that it is found in. The age of formations is marked on a geologic calendar known as the geologic time scale. Development of the geologic time scale and dating of formations and rocks relies upon two fundamentally different ways of telling time: relative and absolute.
The bedrock in Binghamton, NY is primarily made up of sedimentary rock from the Devonian period, which occurred between 419 and 359 million years ago.
the number of years that have elapsed between the event and the present day
Cobbles and boulders composed of Precambrian gneiss are commonly found on the top of the surface bedrock in the Catskills because they were deposited there by glacial action during the last Ice Age. Glaciers transported these rocks from their original bedrock source areas and left them scattered across the region as they melted. The resistant nature of gneiss allows these rocks to remain on the surface long after the glaciers have retreated.
The surface bedrock of most of the Allegheny Plateau landscape region in New York state is predominantly from the Devonian period, which occurred approximately 419-359 million years ago. This bedrock consists mainly of sedimentary rocks like shale, sandstone, and limestone, which were deposited during this geologic time period.
Tug Hill Plateau and St. Lawrence Lowlands
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The bedrock in Syracuse, New York, belongs to the Marcellus Formation, which is a Devonian-aged formation, approximately 390-370 million years old.
Devonian.
The Adirondack Mountains region of New York has surface bedrock that is similar in age to the erratics found in the area. Both the bedrock and the erratics are primarily composed of ancient Precambrian rocks, dating back over a billion years. This similarity highlights the geological history of the region, shaped by glacial activity during the last Ice Age.
In areas of high elevation, the bedrock type is often metamorphic or igneous due to the intense pressure and heat associated with mountain-building processes. The age of bedrock in high elevation areas can vary widely, but it is typically older due to the long history of geologic activity that has shaped these landscapes.
Geologic maps show the distribution of different rock types, formations, and geologic features on the Earth's surface. They provide information about the age, composition, and structure of the rocks in a specific area, helping geologists understand the geologic history and processes that have shaped the landscape. Geologic maps are essential tools for land use planning, resource exploration, and understanding natural hazards.
The surface bedrock at Niagara Falls in New York is estimated to be around 420 million years old, belonging to the Silurian period. This ancient bedrock is composed mainly of shale, sandstone, and limestone layers that have been gradually shaped by the erosive forces of the falls over millions of years.
The current geologic age is referred to as the Holocene epoch.
The surface bedrock found in New York State at a latitude of 45 degrees north is primarily from the Mesozoic Era, dating back around 200 to 65 million years ago. This bedrock includes formations such as sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, and metamorphic rocks.