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The major cause of changes in states of matter is the change in temperature.

As the temperature decreases to certain limit, a gas will condenses into a liquid and a liquid will freeze into a solid. It also works the other way around. And so, when temperature increases to certain limit, a solid will melt into a liquid, and a liquid will evaporate into a gas. However, there are special cases where a solid can turn into a gas (skipping the liquid phase) through a process called sublimation.

The temperatures at which these phase changes happen depend on the substances since different substances have different chemical make ups and bonding structures.

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