Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain medications used during anesthesia. It results in uncontrolled hypermetabolism, leading to high fever, muscle rigidity, and potentially dangerous metabolic imbalances such as increased oxygen consumption, acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities. This metabolic storm can be fatal if not promptly diagnosed and treated.
a fertilized cell develops into a organism during the cell cycle
The cycle that develops during changes is known as the adaptive cycle. It consists of four phases - growth, conservation, release, and reorganization - that help describe the patterns of transformation that systems go through during change.
The potato plant develops tubers during its life cycle. The tubers serve as a storage organ for nutrients and are the part of the plant that is used for propagation.
Canada thistle
The first part to develop in a human is the neural tube, which eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord. This typically occurs during the third week of gestation.
DefinitionMalignant hyperthermia is an inherited disease that causes a rapid rise in body temperature (fever) and severe muscle contractions when the affected person receives general anesthesia.This condition is not the same as hyperthermia that is due to medical emergencies such as heat stroke or infection.Alternative NamesHyperthermia - malignant; Hyperpyrexia - malignantCauses, incidence, and risk factorsMalignant hyperthermia is inherited. Only one parent has to carry the disease for a child to inherit the condition. It may be associated with muscular diseases such as multiminicore myopathy and central core disease.SymptomsSymptoms include:Rapid rise in temperature to 105 degrees F or higherMuscle rigidityand stiffnessDark brown urineMuscle ache without obvious exercise to explain sore musclesBleedingSigns and testsMalignant hyperthermia is often discovered after a patient is given anesthesia during a surgical procedure.There may be a family history of malignant hyperthermia or unexplained death during anesthesia.The person may have a rapid and often irregular heart rate.Tests that may be done include:Chem-20Genetic testing to look for defects in the RYR1 geneMuscle biopsyMyoglobin in the urineTreatmentDuring an episode of malignant hyperthermia, wrapping the patient in a cooling blanket can help reduce fever and the risk of serious complications. Drugs such as dantrolene, lidocaine, or a beta-blocker drug can help with heart rhythm problems.Fluids given by through a vein and by mouth, as well as certain medications, are essential for maintaining kidney function during an acute episode.Support GroupsMalignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States - www.mhaus.orgExpectations (prognosis)Repeated episodes or untreated episodes can cause kidney failure. Untreated episodes can be fatal.ComplicationsBreakdown of muscle tissue (rhabdomyolysis)Weak muscles (myopathy) or muscular dystrophyKidney failureMetabolic acidosisDeathCalling your health care providerNotify both the surgeon and anesthesiologist before having any surgery if:You know that you or a member of your family has had problems with general anesthesiaYou know you have a family history of malignant hyperthermiaPreventionIf you or anyone in your family has malignant hyperthermia it is very important to tell your doctor, especially before having surgery with general anesthetic. The use of appropriate medications can prevent the complications of malignant hyperthermia during surgery.It is important to avoid stimulant drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine (speed), and ecstasy. They may produce malignant hyperthermia-like problems in people who are susceptible.Genetic counseling is recommended for anyone with a family history of myopathy, muscular dystrophy, or malignant hyperthermia.ReferencesVicario S. Heat illness. In: Marx J, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 6th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2006:chap 139.Dinarello CA, Porat R. Fever and hyperthermia. In: Fauci A, Kasper D, Longo DL, et al, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. [online version]. New York, NY:McGraw Hill;2008:chap 17.
The safety and effectiveness of hyperthermia treatment is dependent on careful placement of the temperature probes and careful monitoring of tissue temperatures during treatment.
a fertilized cell develops into a organism during the cell cycle
lack of hydration
A potato develops tubers during one of the stages of its life cycle.
The time during which an embryo develops in the uterus is called gestation. It typically lasts around 40 weeks in humans and is divided into three trimesters. During this time, the embryo develops into a fetus.
Myoma develops in women mostly during the reproductive years. This grows very quickly during pregnancy when the bodyÕs creating extra estrogen.
Long term effects are heat stroke which may result in seizures, brain damage, unconsciousness and ultimately death.
The middle layer is formed during the gastrulation. This layer develops into muscles, bones and blood vessels.
Type 2
Potato plant develops tuber for vegetative propagation in its life cycle.
During pregnancy, a woman's metabolic rate can increase by about 15-20, primarily due to the energy needed to support the growth and development of the fetus.