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First we must specify if we're talking about prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells, mostly bacteria, organize their DNA in a loop. The "subunits" of DNA are Nucleotides. These are called Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine. These four are the building blocks common to all DNA.

Now eukaryotic cells (most plants and animals) pack their DNA in a different way. In general: Long DNA "chains" (strands), built with the same nucleotides previously mentioned, are wrapped together by helper proteins called histones, which help pack DNA tightly together in the form of chromosomes.

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16y ago

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