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It is named 'The Grid;.

The North/South lines are Lines of Longitude (Meridians) and can fix midday and midnight times.

The East/West lines are the Lines of Latitude can can fix you position North/South of the Equator by solar observation.

To aid positioning, a given place will be quoted as so many degrees N/S of the Equator and then so many degrees E/W of the zero meridian.

Each degree of latitude is 60 nautical miles (NOT land miles, which is about 70 miles) apart. These degrees are them sub-divided in to 'minutes'.

One minute of a degree is one nautical mile.

These minutes are then sub-divided further into 'seconds' . Like a clock/timepiece, there are sixty seconds in one minute. Similarly, each minute of a degree is divided into 60 seconds. This final measurement is so accurate that you can be positioned to within 40 yards (25 metres) on the ground.

So as an example if we use the White House, Washington D.C., the official residence of the President of the USA. its position is 38o 53' 52" N . 77o 02' 11" W.

In words 'Thirty Eight degrees, fifty three minutes, fifty two seconds North ; Seventy seven degrees two minutes eleven seconds W. '

Notice the symbols ; a little circle for degrees , a single dash for minutes and a double dash for seconds , and the N/S comes before the E/W.

You try it for say the 'Empire State Building in New York, USA, or anywhere else for that matter.

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lenpollock

Lvl 17
1y ago

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