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luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland

  1. gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) is firs produced in the brain by the hypothalamus.
  2. The pituitary gland is then triggered by this to release the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
  3. The FSH is transported to the ovaries, via the bloodstream where it starts the growth of a follicle.
  4. Upon the development of the follicle estrogen starts being produced.
  5. After approximately 10 days, the estrogen levels become high.
  6. Estrogens peak about a day before ovulation. This would be day 13 in a normal 28 day cycle.
  7. This peak bring about a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.
  8. This surge acts a cue for the ovarian follicle to release a mature ovum into the fallopian tube leaving behind corpus luteum or the empty follicle.
  9. The cells of the corpus luteum produce progesterone and estrogen
  10. The uterine lining is stimulated to thicken with blood by these two hormones to prepare them for the nurturing of the fertilised egg.
  11. The corpus luteum starts to diminish and leaves uterine lining with no hormonal support.
  12. The lining starts to shed off
  13. females monthly menstrual cycle starts again.

Low levels of estrogen and progesterone also signal the hypothalamus to start the process over again.

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